Glossary of Health and Medical Data

Health medical data is a generic term for health data obtained from health checkups, nursing care, and daily activities, as well as data related to medical care recorded at hospitals, clinics, and dispensing pharmacies.
This section explains difficult terms related to health medical data.

Supervision: COML, Center for Medical and Human Rights for Sasaerai (COML), a certified nonprofit organization.

• Real World Data

  Health-related data obtained in daily life

  Keywords. electronic health record, health examination, registry, receipt, wearable device, randomized clinical trial, clinical research Click here for explanation
  
• Medical Information Database

  Collection of information related to medical care, such as records of diagnosis, treatment, and medical expenses

  Keywords. Medical fee statements (receipts), primary and secondary use of data, National Data Base (NDB) open data, National Cancer Registry Click here for explanation
  
• Primary and secondary use of data

  Classification of uses of data

  Keywords. Personal information Click here for explanation
  
• Opt-out/Opt-in

  How to guarantee patients' rights when conducting clinical research or using information

  Keywords. Click here for explanation
  
• Personal Information/Personal Information Protection Law

  Information that can identify specific individuals

  Keywords. Personal identification code, DNA, fingerprinting/vein recognition Click here for explanation
  
• Anonymization/Anonymization Processing

  Information processing so that individuals cannot be identified from the viewpoint of privacy protection

  Keywords. Pseudonymization, Pseudonym Processing, Personal Information/Personal Information Protection Law Click here for explanation
  
• Clinical Research/Clinical Trials

  Research on diseases conducted on human subjects

  Keywords. Clinical trials, Clinical studies Click here for explanation
  
• Clinical Development/Clinical Trials

  Clinical trials intended to be approved as a drug or medical device by the government

  Keywords. Clinical development Click here for explanation
  
• Randomized Clinical Trials

  A study in which patients are randomly grouped to compare the effects of a drug

  Keywords. Random, Random Click here for explanation
  
• Target Molecules/Molecular Targeted Drugs

  Drugs that treat diseases by targeting specific proteins or genes in the body

  Keywords. Cancer cell, protein, gene, genome Click here for explanation
  
• Genes/Genetic Information

  Those that serve as blueprints for the creation of the human body

  Keywords. Cell, Genetic Information, DNA, Chromosome, Nucleus, Sequence Click here for explanation
  
• Health Hazards

  Damage to health caused by certain things, such as the use of pharmaceuticals and medical devices

  Keywords. Cause Identification, Adverse Effect, Clinical Trial, Real World Data Click here for explanation
  
• Bias

  The tendency for data to not accurately reflect the truth

  Keywords. Randomized controlled trial, real world data Click here for explanation
  
• Evidence

  Findings and evidence from analyses based on facts and data

  Keywords. Clinical research/clinical trials, clinical development/trial Click here for explanation
  
• Clinical Practice Guidelines

  A summary of tests and treatments that are considered best for each disease

  Keywords. Evidence (scientific basis) Click here for explanation